Objective: Hyperemesis gravidarum (HG) is a disease characterized by severe nausea and vomiting; it is the most common cause of hospitalization in the first months of pregnancy. The effects of childhood trauma, anxiety types, and exaggeration of somatic sensations on HG have not been defined. In this study, it was aimed to investigate the relationship between HG and factors including depression, anxiety, childhood abuse, and exaggeration of physical sensations.
Method: Forty-five pregnant women diagnosed with HG and 45 healthy pregnant women were included in the study. Socio-demographic data form, Beck Depression Inventory (BDI), State-Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI), Somatosensory Amplification Scale (SSAS), Childhood Trauma Questionnaire (CTQ), and Pregnancy-Unique Quantification of Emesis (PUQE) scales were administered to the participants in the study.
Results: No significant differences were observed between the groups in relation to socio-demographic data except income levels. The income level of the patient group was lower than that of the control group. Compared to the control group, scores for PUQE (p<0.01), BDI (p<0.01), Trait Anxiety Scale (TAI) (p<0.05), SSAS (p<0.05), and CTQ (p<0.001) were found to be significantly higher in the patient group. According to correlation analysis, while a relation was detected between PUQE scale results and CTQ, BDI, SSAS, and TAI results, no relation was found with the State Anxiety Inventory (SAI).
Conclusion: In this study, a history of childhood trauma, depression, exaggeration of somatic sensations, and trait anxiety were found to be more common in individuals with HG. In addition, these factors were also found to be associated with the severity of nausea and vomiting.
Amaç: Hiperemezis gravidarum (HG) şiddetli bulantı-kusma ile seyreden bir hastalıktır, gebeliğin ilk aylarındaki hastane yatışlarının en sık nedenlerindendir. Çocukluktaki örselenmelerin, anksiyete türlerinin, bedensel duyumları abartma özelliğinin HG üzerine etkisi bilinmemektedir. Bu çalışmada HG ile depresyon, anksiyete, çocukluk çağı örselenmeleri ve bedensel duyumlarını abartma ilişkisinin araştırılması amaçlanmıştır.
Yöntem: Çalışmaya HG tanısı konulmuş 45 gebe ile kontrol grubunu oluşturan 45 sağlıklı gebe alınmıştır. Çalışmaya alınan kişilere sosyodemografik veri formu, Beck Depresyon Ölçeği (BDÖ), Durumluk-sürekli kaygı ölçeği (DSKÖ), Bedensel Duyumları Abartma Ölçeği (BDAÖ), Çocukluk Çağı Travmaları Ölçeği (ÇÇTÖ), Gebelik Bulantı Kusma Ölçeği (GBKÖ) uygulanmıştır.
Bulgular: Gelir düzeyleri dışındaki sosyodemografik veriler karşılaştırıldığında gruplar arasında anlamlı farklılık görülmemiştir. Hasta grubunun gelir düzeyi kontrol grubuna göre daha düşüktür. Hasta grubunda kontrol grubuna göre GBKÖ (p<0.01); BDÖ (p<0.01); Sürekli Kaygı Ölçeği (SKÖ) (p<0.05); BDAÖ (p<0.05); ÇÇTÖ (p<0.001) anlamlı olarak yüksek bulunmuştur. Korelasyon analizine göre hasta grubu katılımcılarının GBKÖ skorları ile ÇÇTÖ, BDÖ, BDAÖ, SKÖ puanları arasında ilişki tespit edilirken, DKÖ arasında ilişki tespit edilememiştir.
Sonuç: Bu çalışmada HG olanların çocukluk çağı travmaları, depresyonları, bedensel duyularını abartmaları, sürekli kaygıları kontrol grubuna göre daha fazladır ve ayrıca bulantı ve kusmanın şiddeti ile ilişkili bulunmuştur.
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